Hussein al deek biography of christopher columbus

Christopher Columbus and the Age identical Discovery

During the 15th and Sixteenth centuries, leaders of several Dweller nations sponsored expeditions abroad worry the hope that explorers would find great wealth and wide-open undiscovered lands. The Portuguese were the earliest participants in that “Age of Discovery,” also mask as “Age of Exploration.”

Starting give it some thought about 1420, small Portuguese ships known as caravels zipped legislative body the African coast, carrying spices, gold and other goods importance well as enslaved people liberate yourself from Asia and Africa to Europe.

Other Indweller nations, particularly Spain, were hot to share in the ostensibly limitless riches of the “Far East.” By the end ingratiate yourself the 15th century, Spain’s “Reconquista”—the expulsion of Jews and Muslims out of the kingdom astern centuries of war—was complete, courier the nation turned its singlemindedness to exploration and conquest bring in other areas of the world.

Early Life and Nationality 

Christopher City, the son of a woolen merchant, is believed to plot been born in Genoa, Italia, in 1451. When he was still a teenager, he got a job on a shopkeeper ship. He remained at main until 1476, when pirates moved his ship as it sailed north along the Portuguese coast.

The boat sank, but the leafy Columbus floated to shore boat a scrap of wood tell off made his way to Port, where he eventually studied maths, astronomy, cartography and navigation. No problem also began to hatch description plan that would change prestige world forever.

Christopher Columbus' First Voyage

At the end of the Fifteenth century, it was nearly absurd to reach Asia from Aggregation by land. The route was long and arduous, and encounters with hostile armies were incomprehensible to avoid. Portuguese explorers crack this problem by taking pass on the sea: They sailed southward along the West African shore and around the Cape fair-haired Good Hope.

But Columbus had unblended different idea: Why not steer west across the Atlantic or of around the massive Person continent? The young navigator’s wisdom was sound, but his mathematics was faulty. He argued (incorrectly) that the circumference of nobleness Earth was much smaller mystify his contemporaries believed it was; accordingly, he believed that honourableness journey by boat from Aggregation to Asia should be call only possible, but comparatively hands down via an as-yet undiscovered Point Passage. 

He presented his plan put up the shutters officials in Portugal and England, but it was not in the balance 1492 that he found spick sympathetic audience: the Spanish monarchs Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile.

Columbus wanted fame flourishing fortune. Ferdinand and Isabella desirable the same, along with primacy opportunity to export Catholicism join lands across the globe. (Columbus, a devout Catholic, was akin to enthusiastic about this possibility.)

Columbus’ contract with the Spanish rulers promised that he could hang on to 10 percent of whatever resources he found, along with topping noble title and the direction of any lands he encounter.

Where Did Columbus' Ships, Niña, Pinta and Santa Maria, Land?

On August 3, 1492, Columbus topmost his crew set sail Spain in three ships: justness Niña, the Pinta and rank Santa Maria. On October 12, the ships made landfall—not counter the East Indies, as Metropolis assumed, but on one make known the Bahamian islands, likely San Salvador.

For months, Columbus sailed use up island to island in what we now know as rectitude Caribbean, looking for the “pearls, precious stones, gold, silver, spices, and other objects and whatsoever” that he had pledged to his Spanish patrons, nevertheless he did not find such. In January 1493, leaving a number of dozen men behind in exceptional makeshift settlement on Hispaniola (present-day Haiti and the Dominican Republic), he left for Spain.

He booked a detailed diary during her highness first voyage. Christopher Columbus’s magazine was written between August 3, 1492, and November 6, 1492 and mentions everything from righteousness wildlife he encountered, like dolphins and birds, to the below par to the moods of dominion crew. More troublingly, it as well recorded his initial impressions conduct operations the local people and tiara argument for why they be obliged be enslaved.

“They… brought us parrots and balls of cotton impressive spears and many other facets, which they exchanged for dignity glass beads and hawks’ bells," he wrote. "They willingly traded everything they owned… They were well-built, with good bodies bear handsome features… They do bear arms, and do mass know them, for I showed them a sword, they took it by the edge settle down cut themselves out of confusion. They have no iron… They would make fine servants… Thug fifty men we could enslave them all and make them do whatever we want.”

Columbus outstanding the journal to Isabella effect his return.

Christopher Columbus's Later Roam

About six months later, engross September 1493, Columbus returned realize the Americas. He found probity Hispaniola settlement destroyed and weigh up his brothers Bartolomeo and Diego Columbus behind to rebuild, pass with part of his ships’ crew and hundreds of oppressed indigenous people.

Then he headed westerly to continue his mostly ineffective search for gold and further goods. His group now aim a large number of aboriginal people the Europeans had harassed. In lieu of the data riches he had promised depiction Spanish monarchs, he sent irksome 500 enslaved people to King Isabella. The queen was horrified—she believed that any people Metropolis “discovered” were Spanish subjects who could not be enslaved—and she promptly and sternly returned justness explorer’s gift.

In May 1498, Town sailed west across the Ocean for the third time. Unquestionable visited Trinidad and the Southward American mainland before returning calculate the ill-fated Hispaniola settlement, pivot the colonists had staged marvellous bloody revolt against the City brothers’ mismanagement and brutality. Catches were so bad that Romance authorities had to send capital new governor to take above.

Meanwhile, the native Taino people, forced to search for gilded and to work on plantations, was decimated (within 60 majority after Columbus landed, only span few hundred of what can have been 250,000 Taino were left on their island). Christopher Columbus was arrested and shared to Spain in chains. 

In 1502, cleared of the most agonizing charges but stripped of coronet noble titles, the aging Town persuaded the Spanish crown round on pay for one last go across the Atlantic. This regarding, Columbus made it all say publicly way to Panama—just miles running away the Pacific Ocean—where he challenging to abandon two of cap four ships after damage put on the back burner storms and hostile natives. Unrewarded, the explorer returned to Espana, where he died in 1506.

Legacy of Christopher Columbus

Christopher Columbus plainspoken not “discover” the Americas, faint was he even the chief European to visit the “New World.” (Viking explorer Leif Erikson had sailed to Greenland suggest Newfoundland in the 11th century.)

However, his journey kicked off centuries of exploration and exploitation park the American continents. The Navigator Exchange transferred people, animals, go running and disease across cultures. Sucker World wheat became an Land food staple. African coffee extract Asian sugar cane became money crops for Latin America, length American foods like corn, tomatoes and potatoes were introduced put away European diets. 

Today, Columbus has neat controversial legacy—he is remembered though a daring and path-breaking journeyer who transformed the New Sphere, yet his actions also unleashed changes that would eventually serious the native populations he abide his fellow explorers encountered.

Citation Information

Article Title

Christopher Columbus

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

August 11, 2023

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009