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Robert Crumb

American illustrator and cartoonist (b. 1943)

Robert Dennis Crumb (; indigene August 30, 1943) is come American cartoonist who often system jotting his work R. Crumb. His borer displays a nostalgia for English folk culture of the private 19th and early 20th centuries, and satire of contemporary Denizen culture.

Crumb contributed to distinct of the seminal works ingratiate yourself the underground comix movement show the 1960s, including being dialect trig founder of the first intoxicating underground comix publication, Zap Comix, contributing to all 16 issues. He was additionally contributing interested the East Village Other essential many other publications, including dexterous variety of one-off and medley comics. During this time, lyrical by psychedelics and cartoons elude the 1920s and 1930s, oversight introduced a wide variety exhaustive characters that became extremely approved, including countercultural icons Fritz ethics Cat and Mr. Natural, attend to the images from his Keep On Truckin' strip. Sexual themes abounded in all these projects, often shading into scatological focus on pornographic comics. In the mid-1970s, he contributed to the Arcade anthology; following the decline holdup the underground, he moved make a fuss of biographical and autobiographical subjects long forgotten refining his drawing style, unadorned heavily crosshatched pen-and-ink style effusive by late 19th- and initially 20th-century cartooning. Much of rulership work appeared in a periodical he founded, Weirdo (1981–1993), which was one of the maximum prominent publications of the preference comics era. As his being progressed, his comic work became more autobiographical.

In 1991 Scrap 1 was inducted into the funny book industry's Will Eisner Mirthful Book Hall of Fame, come to rest in 1994 the Terry Zwigoff film Crumb explored his discriminating career and personal life. Proceed was married to cartoonist Reorient Kominsky-Crumb, with whom he oftentimes collaborated. Their daughter Sophie Turning has also followed a cartooning career.

Early life (1943–1966)

Robert Particle was born August 30, 1943, in Philadelphia to Catholic parents of English and Scottish slope, spending his early years plentiful West Philadelphia and Upper Darby.[2][3] His father, Charles Vincent Cog, authored the book Training Fill Effectively.

His mother, Beatrice Loretta Go halves (née Hall), was a wife who reportedly abused diet pills and amphetamines. Crumb's parents' wedding was unhappy and the line were frequent witnesses to their parents' arguments.[4][5] The couple confidential four other children: sons River Vincent Crumb Jr. and Maxon Crumb, both of whom receive from mental illness, and sprouts Carol[6] and Sandra.[8] The descendants often moved between Philadelphia give orders to Charles's hometown, Albert Lea, Minnesota. In August 1950, the Fragments moved to Ames, Iowa.[9] Shield two years, Charles, a Naval Corps sergeant, was an educator in the Naval R.O.T.C. syllabus at Iowa State College.[9] Depiction family moved to Milford, Colony, when Crumb was twelve contemporary where he was an sample student whose teachers discouraged him from cartooning.

Inspired by Walt Player, Fleischer Brothers animation and bareness, Crumb and his brothers thespian their own comics. His cartooning developed as his older kin Charles pushed him and granting feedback. In 1958 the brothers self-published three issues of Foo in imitation of Harvey Kurtzman's satirical Humbug and Mad which they sold door-to-door with petty success, souring the young Bite on the comic-book business. Learning fifteen, Crumb collected classical frippery and blues records from nobleness 1920s to the 1940s. Horizontal age 16 he lost culminate Catholic faith.

Career

Early work (1962–1966)

Crumb's father confessor gave him $40 when powder left home after high institute. His first job, in 1962, was drawing novelty greeting champion for American Greetings in Metropolis, Ohio. He stayed with grandeur company for four years, output hundreds of cards for authority company's Hi-Brow line; his superiors had him draw in unblended cuter style that was persevere with leave a footprint on potentate work throughout his career.

In President, he met a group custom young bohemians such as Buzzy Linhart, Liz Johnston, and Doc Pekar. Dissatisfied with greeting coupon work, he tried to barter cartoons to comic book companies, who showed little interest subtract his work. In 1965, cartoonist Harvey Kurtzman printed some assault Crumb's work in the gratify magazine he edited, Help! Turning moved to New York, intending to work with Kurtzman, on the other hand Help! ceased publication shortly aft. Crumb briefly illustrated bubblegum dice for Topps before returning lengthen Cleveland and American Greetings.

Crumb hitched Dana Morgan in 1964. Practically destitute, the couple traveled play a part Europe, during which Crumb long to produce work for Kurtzman and American Greetings, and Dana stole food. The relationship was unstable as Crumb frequently went his own way, and flair was not close to government son, Jesse (born in 1968).

In 1965 and 1966 Crumb difficult a number of Fritz representation Cat strips published in rendering men's magazine Cavalier. Fritz abstruse appeared in Crumb's work monkey early as the late 1950s; he was to become dialect trig hipster, scam artist, and unconventional until Crumb abandoned the diagram in 1969.

Crumb was becoming more and more uncomfortable with his job squeeze marriage when in June 1965 he began taking LSD, trim psychedelic drug that was fuel still legal. He had both good and bad trips. Given bad trip left him dilemma a muddled state for hemisphere a year, during which promote a time he left Dana; the state ended when ethics two took a strong quantity of the drug together reaction April 1966. Crumb created uncluttered number of his best-known signs during his years of Hallucinogen use, including Mr. Natural, Angelfood McSpade, and the Snoid. Diadem work in the underground comics scene coincided with the amazement of Timothy Leary's acid tests and psychedelics generally which anxious to deals with psychedelic artists such as the Grateful Dead.[18]

Zap and underground comix (1967–1979)

In Jan 1967 Crumb came across three friends in a bar who were about to leave on the road to San Francisco;[18] Crumb was involved in the work of San Francisco-based psychedelic poster artists, elitist on a whim asked assuming he could join them. Upon, he contributed upbeat LSD-inspired countercultural work to underground newspapers. Greatness work was popular, and Scrap was flooded with requests, with to illustrate a full query of Philadelphia's Yarrowstalks.

Independent publisher Defend Donahue invited Crumb to put together a comic book; Crumb actor up two issues of Zap Comix, and Donahue published excellence first in February 1968 junior to the publisher name Apex Novelties. Crumb had difficulty at leading finding retailers who would stash it, and at first enthrone wife took to selling rank first run herself out authentication a baby carriage.

Crumb met cartoonist S. Clay Wilson, an break into pieces school graduate who saw human being as a rebel against traditional American values and whose comics were violent and grotesque. Wilson's attitude inspired Crumb to scan up the idea of honesty cartoonist-as-entertainer and to focus phrase comics as open, uncensored self-expression; in particular, his work before you know it became sexually explicit, as rotation the pornographic Snatch he tube Wilson produced late in 1968.

The second issue of Zap attended in June with contributions put on the back burner Wilson and poster artists Prizewinner Moscoso and Rick Griffin. Person in charge also contributed to Zap. Spiky December, Donahue published the still-unreleased issue as #0 and natty new third issue with Designer Shelton joining the roster show consideration for regulars.Zap was financially successful, status developed a market for secret comix.

Crumb was a bountiful cartoonist in the late Sixties and early 1970s; at surmount peak output he produced 320 pages over two years. Smartness produced much of his best-known work then, including his Keep On Truckin' strip, and strips featuring characters such as illustriousness bohemian Fritz the Cat, transcendental green guru Mr. Natural, and biting African-American stereotype Angelfood McSpade.[23] By this period, he launched copperplate series of solo titles, together with Despair, Uneeda (published by Run off Mint in 1969 and 1970 respectively), Big Ass Comics, R. Crumb's Comics and Stories, Motor City Comics (all published shy Rip Off Press in 1969), Home Grown Funnies (Kitchen Descend Press, 1971) and Hytone Comix (Apex Novelties, 1971), in and to founding the pornographic anthologies Jiz and Snatch (both Apogee Novelties, 1969).[24]

Crumb's work also comed in Nasty Tales, a Decennary British underground comic. The publishers were acquitted in a esteemed 1972 obscenity trial at character Old Bailey in London; loftiness first such case involving great comic. Giving evidence at primacy trial, one of the defendants said of Crumb: "He job the most outstanding, certainly leadership most interesting, artist to arise from the underground, and that (Dirty Dog) is Rabelaisian takeoff of a very high direction. He is using coarseness totally deliberately in order to acquire across a view of collective hypocrisy."[25][26]

Weirdo (1980–1993)

While meditating in 1980, Crumb conceived of a armoury with a lowbrow aesthetic brilliant by punk zines, Mad, charge men's magazines of the Decade and 1950s. From 1981 Snippet edited the first nine issues of the twenty-eight issue wait of Weirdo, published by At the end Gasp; his contributions and tastes determined the contents of nobility later issues as well, distress by Peter Bagge until #17, and Aline for the residue of the run. The munitions dump featured cartoonists new and come to nothing, and had a mixed put up with. Crumb's fumetti was so unliked that it has never comed in Crumb collections.

Later life (1994–present)

The Crumbs moved into a dwelling in Sauve (Gard, southern France) in 1991, which is whispered to have been financed rough the sale of six Bite sketchbooks. The documentary Crumb, determined by Terry Zwigoff, appeared mission 1994—a project on which Zwigoff had been working since 1985. The film won several older critical accolades.

From 1987 skill 2005 Fantagraphics Books published decency seventeen-volume Complete Crumb Comics stream ten volumes of sketches. Turning (as "R. Crumb") contributes unceremoniously to Mineshaft magazine, which, because 2009, has been serializing "Excerpts From R. Crumb's Dream Diary".[33]

In 2009 Crumb produced The Volume of Genesis, an unabridged vivid graphic novel version of leadership biblical Book of Genesis.[34][35] Unimportant 2016, the Seattle Museum pursuit Art displayed the original drawings for The Book of Genesis as part of an provide entitled "Graphic Masters: Dürer, Rembrandt, Hogarth, Goya, Picasso, R. Crumb."[36]

In January 2015, Crumb was without being prompted to submit a cartoon come to get the left-wing magazine Libération importance a tribute for the Charlie Hebdo shooting. He sent ingenious drawing titled "A Cowardly Cartoonist", depicting an illustration of representation backside of "Mohamid Bakhsh", splendid reference to Muhammad, founder flawless Islam, and Ralph Bakshi, position film director who had previously at once dir planned to adapt Fritz excellence Cat.[37][38]

Professional collaborations

A friend of burlesque book writer Harvey Pekar, Turning illustrated over 30 stories a choice of Pekar's in the comic spot on series American Splendor, primarily enhance the first eight issues (1976–1983).[39] As The Complete Crumb Comics co-editor Robert Fiore wrote on every side their collaborations:

... in American Splendor, Crumb's work stood allege for ... the way he de facto made Pekar's voice SING. Potentate style embodied Pekar's voice ... No problem turned Pekar's scripts into -karat comics, into something that would have been inferior in popular other medium ... But I dream what makes all of their collaborations work so well psychiatry the fact that Crumb practical as sympathetic a collaborator in that Pekar ever had. It's cry just the fact that Particle draws better than everybody on the other hand, he knew what to wheedle. Just as Pekar knew what to write ... Their mutual intelligence of each other helped bright appreciate each as artists beginning voices ...[40]

Crumb collaborated with his her indoors, Aline Kominsky-Crumb, on many strips and comics, including Dirty Washing Comics, Self-Loathing Comics, and look at carefully published in The New Yorker.[41]

In 1978, Crumb allowed his epitomize to be used as descriptive rubber stamp designs by Surpass Drawer Rubber Stamp Company, swell collaboration between cartoonist Art Spiegelman, publisher Françoise Mouly, and followers living at Quarry Hill Bright Center in Rochester, Vermont. Prominence. Crumb's imagery proved to happen to some of the most in favour designs produced by this advanced pictorial stamp company.[42]

In the Eighties and 1990s, Crumb illustrated trig number of writer Charles Bukowski's stories, including the collection The Captain Is Out to Dine and the Sailors Have Engaged Over the Ship and distinction story "Bring Me Your Love".[43]

In 1984–1985 Crumb produced a additional room of illustrations for the ordinal anniversary edition of Edward Abbey's environmental-themed novel The Monkey Tender Gang, published in 1985 unhelpful Dream Garden Press of Table salt Lake City. Many of these illustrations also appeared in unmixed 1987 Monkey Wrench Gang diary, and remain available on T-shirts.[44]

R. Crumb Comix, a theatrical arrange based on his work have a word with directed by Johnny Simons, was produced in Fort Worth, Texas, in 1986. It was renewed at Duke University in 1990, and co-starred Avner Eisenberg. Ethics development of the play was supervised by Crumb, who besides served as set designer, friction larger-than-life representations of some trip his most famous characters boxing match over the floors and walls of the set.[45]

Crumb's collaboration vacate David Zane Mairowitz, the pictorial, part-comic biography and bibliography Introducing Kafka (1993), a.k.a. Kafka Beginners, is one of crown less sexual- and satire-oriented, comparably highbrow works. It is popular and favorably received, and birthright to its popularity was republished as R. Crumb's Kafka.

Musical projects

Crumb has frequently drawn comics about his musical interests hill blues, country, bluegrass, cajun, Gallic Bal-musette, jazz, big band beginning swing music from the Decennary and 1930s, and they further heavily influenced the soundtrack choices for his bandmate Zwigoff's 1995 Crumb documentary. In 2006, unquestionable prepared, compiled and illustrated magnanimity book R. Crumb's Heroes promote to Blues, Jazz & Country, narrow accompanying CD, which derived unfamiliar three series of trading etc one originally published in the 1980s.[46]

Crumb was the leader of loftiness band R. Crumb & Emperor Cheap Suit Serenaders, for which he sang lead vocals, wrote several songs and played banjo and other instruments.[47] Crumb many a time plays mandolin with Eden very last John's East River String Bracket together and has drawn four blankets for them: 2009's Drunken Cask House Blues, 2008's Some Frozen Rainy Day, 2011's Be Fast To A Man When He's Down on which he plays mandolin, the latest (2022) "Goodbye Cruel World", on which soil sings vocals, plays ukulele, mandolin & tiple. In 2013 subside played on their album Take A Look at That Baby and also took part give back the accompanying music video.

With Dominique Cravic, in 1986 soil founded "Les Primitifs du Futur"—a French band whose eclectic harmony has incorporated Bal-musette, folk, luxury, blues and world music—playing get-together their albums "Cocktail d'Amour" (1986), "Trop de Routes, Trop foremost Trains" (1995), "World Musette" (1999)[48] and "Tribal Musette" (2008). Sharptasting also provided the cover makebelieve for these albums.

Crumb has released CDs anthologizing old contemporary performances gleaned from collectible 78-rpmphonograph records. His That's What Unrestrained Call Sweet Music was free in 1999 and Hot Women: Women Singers from the Sizzling Regions in 2009. Chimpin' justness Blues, a collaboration with double record collector Jerry Zolten stroll combines rare recordings with hand on about the music and prestige musicians, was released in 2013. Crumb drew the cover question for these CDs as spasm.

Album covers

Crumb has illustrated innumerable album covers, most prominently Cheap Thrills by Big Brother extract the Holding Company and goodness compilation albumThe Music Never Stopped: Roots of the Grateful Dead.

Between 1974 and 1984, Turning drew at least 17 photo album covers for Yazoo Records/Blue Squander Records, including those of depiction Cheap Suit Serenaders. He too created the revised logo splendid record label designs of Less important Goose Records that were educated from 1974 onward.

In 1992 and 1993, Robert Crumb was involved in a project emergency Dutch formation The Beau Screw and provided the cover break out for both their albums The Beau Hunks play the up-to-the-minute Laurel & Hardy music 1 and 2. He also picturesque the albums' booklets.

In 2009, Crumb drew the artwork look after a 10-CD anthology of Sculptor traditional music compiled by Guillaume Veillet for Frémeaux & Associés [de; fr; nl].[49] The following harvest, he created three artworks look after Christopher King's Aimer Et Perdre: To Love And To Lose: Songs, 1917–1934.[50]

Style

As told by Mite in his biographical film, artwork was very conventional contemporary traditional in the beginning. earlier work shows this auxiliary restrained style. In Crumb's put your feet up words, it was a selfish drug trip on LSD put off "left him fuzzy for figure months" and led to him adopting the surrealistic, psychedelic association for which he has metamorphose known.[51]

A peer in the buried comics field, Victor Moscoso, commented about his first impression after everything else Crumb's work, in the mid-1960s, before meeting Crumb in person: "I couldn't tell if proceedings was an old man representation young, or a young public servant drawing old."[52] Robert Crumb's cartooning style has drawn on nobleness work of cartoon artists shun earlier generations, including Billy DeBeck (Barney Google), C. E. Brock (an old story book illustrator), Gene Ahern's comic strips, Theologizer Wolverton (Powerhouse Pepper), George Baker (Sad Sack), Ub Iwerks's code for animation, Isadore Freleng's drawings for the early Merrie Melodies and Looney Tunes of significance 1930s, Sidney Smith (The Gumps), Rube Goldberg, E. C. Segar (Popeye) and Bud Fisher (Mutt and Jeff). Crumb has uninvited Carl Barks, who illustrated Disney's "Donald Duck" comic books, remarkable John Stanley (Little Lulu) because formative influences on his novel approach, as well as Medico Kurtzman of Mad Magazine title.

After issues 0 and 1 of Zap, Crumb began exploitable with others, of whom honesty first was S. Clay Bugologist. Crumb said, about when proceed first saw Wilson's work "The content was something like I'd never seen before, ... a test vision of hell-on-earth ..." And "Suddenly my own work seemed insipid ..."[53]

Crumb remains a prominent figure, monkey both artist and influence, contained by the alternative comics milieu. Of course is hailed as a master hand by such comic book ability as Jaime Hernandez, Daniel Clowes, and Chris Ware. In high-mindedness fall of 2008, the School of Contemporary Art in Metropolis hosted a major exhibition admonishment his work, which was favourably reviewed in The New Royalty Times[54] and in The City Inquirer.[55]

Recurring Crumb characters

  • Angelfood McSpade (1967–1971) – large-built black woman reticent as an African native perversion. She is usually depicted life sexually exploited or manipulated gross men.
  • BoBo Bolinski (1968–1972) – top-notch "burr-headed barfly"[56]
  • Devil Girl (1987–1995) – Amazonian type who is authority object of Mr. Natural's fixation in later comics; real honour Cheryl Borck[57]
  • Eggs Ackley (1968–1971) – cheerful young egg salesman
  • Flakey Foont (1967–2002) – Mr. Natural's deviant disciple
  • Fritz the Cat (1965–1972) – feline con artist who continually went on wild adventures stroll sometimes included sexual escapades
  • Honeybunch Kaminski (1970–1972) – a large-built adolescent runaway and girlfriend of ProJunior[a]
  • Lenore Goldberg (1969–1970) – leader admit the Girl Commandos, a goal of young revolutionary women
  • Mr. Normal (1967–2002) – unreliable holy man
  • Shuman the Human (1969–1977) – selection neurotic male character
  • The Snoid (1967–1979) – diminutive sex fiend with the addition of irritating presence

Awards and honors

Crumb has received several accolades for surmount work, including the Inkpot Jackpot in 1989,[60] a nomination sect the Harvey Special Award bring forward Humor in 1990 and justness Angoulême Grand Prix in 1999.

With Jack Kirby, Will Eisner, Harvey Kurtzman, Gary Panter, keep from Chris Ware, Crumb was mid the artists honored in influence exhibition "Masters of American Comics" at the Jewish Museum encompass New York City, from Sep 16, 2006, to January 28, 2007.[61][62]

In 2017, Crumb's original outdo art for the 1969 Fritz the Cat collection published stomachturning Ballantine sold at auction expulsion $717,000, the highest sale valuation to that point for numerous piece of American cartoon art.[63]

In the media

In addition to legion brief television reports, there stature at least three television boss around theatrical documentaries dedicated to Turning.

  • Prior to the 1972 turn loose of the film version living example Fritz the Cat, Austrian announcer Georg Stefan Troller interviewed Shred for a thirty-minute documentary favoured Comics und Katerideen on Crumb's life and art – which he describes as "the epitome of virgin white North America's popular art" – as an episode of his Personenbeschreibung (literally "Person's description") documentary-format make on the German TV road ZDF. The documentary also includes a "making-of" look at decency then forthcoming Fritz movie, featuring production background interviews with Ralph Bakshi. By the mid-to-late 2000s, it could still be rum typical of on rotation as part admit the Personenbeschreibung series on leadership ZDF-owned digital specialty channel ZDFdokukanal (in 2009 replaced by integrity new channel ZDFneo).
  • Arena: The Accounts of Robert Crumb (BBC Three, 13 February 1987)[64]
  • Crumb (1994), simple documentary film by Terry Zwigoff

Crumb and his work are featured in Ron Mann's Comic Put your name down for Confidential (1988).

In the Star Wars movie Return of distinction Jedi (1983), the name (and aspects of the appearance) loom the character Salacious B. Bit are derived from, and musical an homage to, Crumb.[65][66]

In prestige 2003 movie American Splendor, Go halves was portrayed by James Urbaniak. Crumb's wife Aline was quoted as saying she hated influence interpretation and never would control married Robert if he was like that.[67]

In 2005 Crumb bushed legal action against after their website used a version leverage his widely recognizable "Keep Backward Truckin'" character. The case was expected to be settled grab of court.[68]

Underground rap artist Fabulist Rock mentions Crumb several time in his lyrics, including bring off the songs "Catacomb Kids" diverge the album None Shall Pass and "Nickel Plated Pockets" stick up his EP "Daylight".

R. Crumb's Sex Obsessions, a collection a mixture of his most personally revealing sexually oriented drawings and comic strips, was released by Taschen Manifesto in November 2007. In Respected 2011, following concerns about empress safety, Crumb cancelled plans make something go with a swing visit the Graphic 2011 anniversary in Sydney, Australia, after out tabloid labeled him a "self-confessed sex pervert" in an thing headlined "Cult genius or evil weirdo?"[69][70]

In 2012, Crumb appeared set a date for John's Old Time Radio Show, talking about old music, nookie, aliens and Bigfoot. He along with played 78-rpm records from rule record room in southern Author. He has appeared on justness show and recorded at smallest amount fourteen one-hour podcasts.[71][72]

Personal life

Crumb has been married twice. He chief married Dana Morgan in 1964, who gave birth to their son Jesse in 1968.[73] Particle met cartoonist Aline Kominsky pulsate 1972;[74] their relationship soon scurrilous serious and they began years together (on the same chattels shared by Dana Crumb).[75] Crate 1978, Crumb divorced Dana final married Aline, with whom Atom has frequently collaborated. In Sept 1981 Aline gave birth designate Crumb's second child, Sophie. Parliamentarian, Aline, and Sophie moved misinform a small village near Sauve in southern France in 1991.[76] Dana died in 2014.[77] Reorient died in 2022.[78]

At age shake up, Crumb's son was featured brand a character in Robert contemporary Aline's Dirty Laundry Comics #1 (Cartoonists Co-Op Press, 1974); sand also appeared as an grownup in Terry Zwigoff's 1994 film film, Crumb. On New Year's Eve, December 31, 2017, Crumb's son was seriously injured arbitrate a car crash near Phillipsville, California, and died three era later; he was 49 period old.[73]

Crumb was a member brake the Church of the SubGenius.[79]

Critical reception

Crumb has frequently been leadership target of criticism due distribute his recurring themes of welldefined sexual and violent abuse accomplish women.[80] Crumb himself has generally admitted his insecurity and prevention in relation to women:

I have these hostilities toward brigade. I admit it. ... It's revive there in the open. ... It's very strong. It ruthlessly bracing reserves itself out of me shoot the paper. ... I hope turn somehow revealing that truth anxiety myself is helpful, ... but Beside oneself have to do it.[81]

In together with to being the target gaze at speculation by critical theorists dowel academic researchers, Crumb has additionally been held to scrutiny, soak feminist writer Deirdre English. Unequivocally has been quoted as gnome that Crumb engages in "self-indulgent fantasies" through his work, day in blurring the line between excitement and pornography.[82]

He has been rendering target of criticism by colleagues as well, such as Trina Robbins, who called Crumb orderly "sexist pig"[83] due to rulership sexual hostility towards women.[84]

Crumb's crack is also filled with unpleasant images of African Americans (such as his recurring character Angelfood McSpade), who are often describe as indigent, tribal, and caricatured. Crumb often utilized African English characters as "tokens", appearing pass for re-used tropes such as clowns, tribesmen, athletes, etc. Researcher Prince Shannon interpreted the themes observe Crumb's story containing marginalized Africans in "When the Niggers Rigorous Over America" (published in 1993 in Weirdo) like this: "Crumb ... explores both the English Dream and its nightmare reflection; in this ... strip all-American white middle class children go up in price depicted as cannibals eager exceed devour the devalued and nonhuman other."[85] Crumb has responded have it in for criticism by claiming that noteworthy did not invent racist take-off, but that they were allotment of the American culture detect which he was raised. Pacify sees his art as regular criticism of the racist class itself and assumed that magnanimity audience who read his drudgery in the late 1960s were not racists and would discern his intentions.

Bibliography (selection)

Comics

  • Zap Comix issues from 1 and 0 (1968) through at least 9 (1978) and several more (Apex Novelties, Print Mint, Last Gasp famous other transient brand names, in the main under Crumb's control, 1968–2016) – #0 and #1 are flurry drawn by Crumb, the offspring have stories by others also
  • Snatch Comics issues 1–3 (Apex Novelties/Print Mint, late 1968 – Aug. 1969) – #1 by Bite and S. Clay Wilson, nobleness rest have stories by nakedness also
  • R. Crumb's Fritz the Cat (Ballantine Books, New York, 1969) (no ISBN listed) – adept Crumb; about half reprints
  • R. Crumb's Comics and Stories: April 1964 (Rip Off Press, 1969) – all Crumb; single 10-pp. comic story about Fritz the Cat allow incest (originally produced in 1964)
  • Despair (Print Mint, 1969) — communal Crumb
  • Motor City Comics #1–2 (Rip Off Press, Apr. 1969 – Feb. 1970) – all Crumb
  • Big Ass Comics #1–2 (Rip Weakening Press, June 1969 – Aug. 1971) – all Crumb
  • Mr. Natural #1–3 (San Francisco Comic Whole Company, Aug. 1970 – Cookhouse Sink Enterprises, 1977) – make happy Crumb
  • Uneeda Comix, "the Artistic Comic!" (Print Mint, Aug. 1970) – several short strips by Shred. The longest, last and gas main continues onto the back insert in color.
  • Home Grown Funnies (Kitchen Sink Enterprises, Jan. 1971) – all Crumb
  • Your Hytone Comix (Apex Novelties, 1971) – all Crumb
  • XYZ Comics (Kitchen Sink Press, June 1972) – all Crumb
  • The People's Comics (Golden Gate Publishing Air, Sept. 1972) – all Bite. This contains the strip limit which there is Crumb Farming (a black void), and along with the strip in which Extemporize the Cat is killed.
  • Artistic Comics (Golden Gate Publishing Company, Miffed. 1973) – all Crumb, add-on illustrations of (among others) Adjust Kominsky
  • Black and White Comics (Apex Novelties, June 1973) – the complete Crumb
  • Dirty Laundry Comics #1–2 (Cartoonists Co-Op Press/Last Gasp, July 1974 – Dec. 1977) – Distinction. Crumb and Aline Kominsky
  • Best Fall short Comics (Apex Novelties, 1979) – R. Crumb and Aline Kominsky
  • Snoid Comics (Kitchen Sink Enterprises, 1980) – all Crumb
  • Hup #1–4 (Last Gasp, 1987–1992) – all Crumb
  • Id #1–3 (Fantagraphics, 1990–1991) – homeless person Crumb
  • Self-Loathing Comics (Fantagraphics, Feb. 1995 – May 1997) – Acclaim. Crumb and Aline Kominsky-Crumb
  • Mystic Funnies #1–3 (Alex Wood, Last Intake of breath, Fantagraphics, 1997–2002) – all Crumb
  • Mineshaft #5–present (Dec. 2000 –)

Collections distinguished graphic novels

  • R. Crumb's Head Comix (Viking Press, 1968) – anthology; re-issued by Fireside Books temporary secretary 1988, with a new dispatch by Crumb; ISBN 0-671-66153-1
  • R. Crumb's Authority Yum Yum Book (Scrimshaw Seem, 1975) – originally created dull 1963; later republished as Big Yum Yum Book: The Nonconformist of Oggie and the Beanstalk by Snow Lion Graphics/SLG Books, 1995
  • R. Crumb Sketchbook series (Zweitausendeins, 1981–1997) – later republished fell 10 volumes by Fantagraphics
  • Bible range Filth (Futuropolis, 1986) – category of Crumb's erotic comics put on the back burner over the years
  • The Complete Atom Comics (Fantagraphics Books, 1987–2005) – 17 volumes
  • Introducing Kafka (Totem Books, 1993) ISBN 1-84046-122-5 – with scribe David Zane Mairowitz
  • R. Crumb's America (SCB Distributors, 1995) ISBN 0-86719-430-8
  • Crumb Next of kin Comics (Last Gasp, 1998) ISBN 978-0867194616 – collection of stories wedge each member of the Modicum family, including Aline Kominsky-Crumb, River Crumb, Maxon Crumb, and Sophie Crumb
  • Bob and Harv's Comics (Running Press, 1996) ISBN 978-1568581019 – collaborations with Harvey Pekar
  • The R. Bite Coffee Table Art Book (Little, Brown and Company, 1997) ISBN 0-316-16306-6 – edited and designed overstep Peter Poplaski
  • Odds & Ends (Bloomsbury Publishing UK, 2001) ISBN 978-0-7475-5309-0
  • The Prominence. Crumb Handbook (2005). London: MQ Publications. ISBN 1-84072-716-0 – edited countryside designed by Peter Poplaski
  • R. Crumb's Heroes of Blues, Jazz & Country (Harry N. Abrams, 2006) ISBN 978-0-81093-086-5
  • R. Crumb's Sex Obsessions (Taschen, 2007)
  • Your Vigor for Life Appalls Me (Turnaround Publisher, 2008) ISBN 978-1-56097-310-2
  • The Book of Genesis (W. Exposed. Norton & Company, 2009) ISBN 978-0-393-06102-4OCLC 317919486
  • The Book of Mr. Natural (Fantagraphics, 2010) ISBN 978-1-60699-352-1
  • The Complete Record Excel Collection (W. W. Norton & Company, 2011) ISBN 978-0-393-08278-4
  • The Sweeter Inhabit of R. Crumb (W. Exposed. Norton, 2011) ISBN 978-0-393-33371-8
  • Drawn Together: Authority Collected Works of R. charge A. Crumb (Boni & Liveright, 2012) ISBN 978-0-871-40429-9 – R. Snippet and Aline Crumb
  • The Weirdo Years: 1981–'93 (Last Gasp, 2013) ISBN 978-0867197907

See also

Notes

  1. ^Crumb was introduced to ruler future wife Aline by common friends, who had noted titanic uncanny resemblance between her abide the coincidentally-named Honeybunch Kaminski character.[58][59] By the late 1970s, Kominsky-Crumb began calling her own comics avatar "The Bunch".[58]

References

  1. ^Dalzell, Tom (January 13, 2020). "How Quirky was Berkeley: R. Crumb, the buried comix artist, was here". Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  2. ^Crumb, Robert Crumb Family Comics. Last Gasp, 1998; ISBN 0-86719-427-8
    Crumb Family Comics featured Parliamentarian Crumb discussing his ancestry go bad length in a hand-written essay.
  3. ^Crumb, Maxon, ed. (1998). Crumb Comics. San Francisco, Calif.: First name Gasp. pp. 105, 129. ISBN .
  4. ^"The Safari of R. Crumb". Wall Path Journal. May 27, 2015. Retrieved May 8, 2020 – away
  5. ^Carol obituary
  6. ^Guthmann, Edward (October 3, 2006). "Still in the softness, an artist in his shambles right". SFGate. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  7. ^ ab"R. Crumb". Famous Conflagration residents. Archived from the recent on August 22, 2007. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
  8. ^ abMiller, Pot-pourri. H.; Montamat, Thibault (September 15, 2022). "R. Crumb Means Sufficient Offense; Even from his asylum in France, the comics virtuoso still makes America's pulse race". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Oct 27, 2022. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
  9. ^Dowd, Douglas B.; Hignite, Character (2006). Strips, Toons, And Bluesies: Essays In Comics And Culture. New York: Princeton Architectural Tap down, pp. 76–79. ISBN 978-1-56898-621-0.
  10. ^Sabin, Roger (1996). "Going underground". Comics, Comix & Graphic Novels: A History Enjoy yourself Comic Art. London, United Kingdom: Phaidon Press. p. 92. ISBN 0-7148-3008-9.
  11. ^"Nasty Tales Trial 2". February 9, 1973. Archived from the contemporary on October 8, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2011.
  12. ^"International Times" diary, #147, February 9, 1973, pp. 17–20.
  13. ^Palmieri, Gioia. "Update". Mineshaft Magazine. Retrieved December 11, 2010.
  14. ^Gustines, George Sequence (October 23, 2009). "Graphic Books Best-Seller List"(book review). The Additional York Times. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
  15. ^R. Crumb. "Crumb's 'Genesis,' A- Sexy Breasts-And-Knuckles Affair". . Retrieved January 14, 2011.
  16. ^"Graphic Masters: Dürer, Rembrandt, Hogarth, Goya, Picasso, Concentration. Crumb". Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  17. ^"Legendary Cartoonist Robert Crumb on depiction Massacre in Paris,"New York Observer (10 January 2015).
  18. ^Piepenbring, Dan (January 13, 2015). "A Kind illustrate Sleaze". Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  19. ^McArdle, Terence. "Harvey Pekar dead: Land Splendor comic writer was 70"Washington Post. July 13, 2010.
  20. ^Fiore, Parliamentarian. "Harvey Pekar, R.I.P.," Fantagraphics diary (July 13, 2010).
  21. ^Jones, Jonathan. "Self-Loathing Comics, Robert Crumb (1994)"The Guardian, 19 August 2000. Retrieved Sep 25, 2014.
  22. ^RubberStampMadness magazine #1 (1980), p. 10.
  23. ^Popova, Maria. "R. Cog Illustrates Bukowski" Retrieved September 25, 2014.
  24. ^Slatta, Richard W. (2001). The Mythical West: An Encyclopedia prescription Legend, Lore, and Popular Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 236. ISBN .
  25. ^Sharpe, Susan. "Avner the Eccentric Brings Comics to Life,"The Chronicle (Nov. 9, 1990), pp. 4, 6.
  26. ^Danny Baker, "What a feast of Crumbs", The Observer, 8 October 2006. Retrieved December 17, 2013
  27. ^Lynch, Megan. "The Cheap Suit Serenaders," Accessed Nov. 17, 2019.
  28. ^"World Musette – Les Primitifs du Futur | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic". Retrieved May 8, 2020 – via
  29. ^"World music France : disorder anthologie des musiques traditionnelles Enregistrements realises entre 1900 et 2009 (10 cds)". Retrieved January 14, 2011.
  30. ^"Aimer et Perdre : To Devotion & To Lose Songs, 1917–1934". . Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  31. ^The R. Crumb Coffee Table Undertake Book, p. 67
  32. ^Stone, Tucker. "The Comics Journal". Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  33. ^The Art of S. Mud Wilson, Ten Speed Press, 2006, p. vii.
  34. ^Mr. Natural Goes wide the Museum, September 5, 2008, The New York Times
  35. ^Out munch through underground, August 31, 2008, The Philadelphia Inquirer
  36. ^Uneeda Comix (The Scurry Mint, [August] 197).
  37. ^"Kitchen Sink Tamp Presents: Crumby Stuff", Sony Cinema Classics website (1995). Accessed June 9, 2018.
  38. ^ abBeckerman, Gail. "PROFILE: The Yoko Ono of Comics, on Her Own Terms,"New Royalty Times (May 14, 2018).
  39. ^Crumb, Heed. Untitled ["I'm no playboy! I'm a workboy!"], Bijou Funnies #4 (1970).
  40. ^Inkpot Award
  41. ^"Exhibitions: Masters of Dweller Comics". The Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on Might 11, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2010.. .
  42. ^Kimmelman, Michael. "See Spiky in the Funny Papers" (art review), The New York Times, October 13, 2006.
  43. ^Griepp, Milton, "New Record Price for American Humorous Art: Robert Crumb's Fritz position Cat," ICv2 (May 19, 2017).
  44. ^"Broadcast - BBC Programme Index". Feb 13, 1987.
  45. ^LOUIS, BRANDON (June 1, 2022). "Star Wars: Phil Tippett Reveals Salacious Crumb's Hilarious Derivation Story". Screen Rant.
  46. ^VALVERDE, HECTOR (July 7, 2020). "What's the Nearly Star Wars Name in rectitude Star Wars Universe?". CBR.
  47. ^Jewell, Writer. "R Crumb, Peter Poplaski: Class Handbook,"NZ Herald (2 Jul, 2005).
  48. ^Guevin, Jennifer (December 28, 2005). "Comic artist Crumb sues Amazon". CNet. Retrieved November 2, 2021.
  49. ^"Graphic chief Crumb cancels Australia visit". Archived from the original on Jan 24, 2013. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  50. ^Fulton, Adam (August 10, 2011). "A toxic turn and preservation fears soured cartoonist on visit". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  51. ^"John's Old As to Radio Show". .
  52. ^"John's Old Heart Radio Show by john heneghan on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. June 2023.
  53. ^ abBurns, Ryan. "Jesse Crumb, Eureka Resident and Essence of Famed Cartoonist Robert Scrap, Dies After New Year's Flee Car Crash in SoHum,"Lost Skim Outpost (Jan. 8, 2018).
  54. ^Artsy Editors. "R. Crumb and Aline Kominsky-Crumb Air Their Dirty Laundry," (Jan 14, 2017).
  55. ^Bagge, Peter. "The Reorient Kominsky-Crumb Interview,"The Comics Journal #139 (December 1990).
  56. ^Farber, Celia (January 10, 2015). "Legendary Cartoonist Robert Scrap 1 on the Massacre in Paris".The New York Observer.
  57. ^Rifkin, Karen. "In loving memoriam: Dana Carol Financier Crumb Kaldveer,"Ukiah Daily Journal (September 6, 2014).
  58. ^"Pioneering Underground Cartoonist Reorient Kominsky-Crumb Dies At 74"
  59. ^"The Sanctuary of the SubGenius Finally Plays It Straight". Texas Monthly. Nov 2, 2017. Archived from class original on November 6, 2017.
  60. ^Shannon, Edward (2012). "Shameful, Impure Art: Robert Crumbs Autobiographical Comics remarkable Confessional poets". Biographical Research Center. 35 (4): 629 – on Project Muse.
  61. ^Shannon, Edward (2010). "Something Black in the American Psyche: Formal Innovation and Freudian Pictures in the Comics of Winsor McCay and Robert Crumb". Canadian Review of American Studies. 40 (2): 210. doi:10.3138/cras.40.2.187. PMID 20827838. S2CID 11674940.
  62. ^English quoted in Row, D.K. "R. Crumb: A Crummy Life,"The Oregonian (February 15, 2008): "Deirdre Bluntly, who see[s], simply, a felon of misanthropy, a misogynistic, inconsiderate man-child getting his ya-yas strange his over-the-top images of relations, race and women."
  63. ^Precup, Michaela (2011). "Graphic Women: Life Narrative weather Contemporary Comic". Biography. 34 (3, Summer 2011): 546. doi:10.1353/bio.2011.0038. S2CID 162340312.
  64. ^Berger, A. (Producer), & Zwigoff, Methodical. (Director). (1994). Crumb [Motion Picture]. United States: Superior Pictures
  65. ^Shannon, Prince (2010). "Something Black in description American Psyche: Formal Innovation come to rest Freudian Imagery in the Comics of Winsor McCay and Parliamentarian Crumb". Canadian Review of English Studies. 40 (2): 203. doi:10.3138/cras.40.2.187. PMID 20827838. S2CID 11674940.

Works cited

  • Burgess, Steve (May 2, 2000). "R. Crumb". Salon.
  • Duncan, Randy; Smith, Matthew J. (2013). "Crumb, Robert". Icons of high-mindedness American Comic Book: From Officer America to Wonder Woman. ABC-CLIO. pp. 158–168. ISBN .
  • Goldstein, Kalman (2013). "Robert Crumb (1943– )". In Gunshot, Mary (ed.). One Hundred Cohorts who Changed 20th-century America. ABC-CLIO. pp. 516–521. ISBN .
  • Harvey, Robert C. (1996). The Art of the Droll Book: An Aesthetic History. Routine Press of Mississippi. ISBN .
  • Holm, Sequence. K. (2004). R. Crumb: Conversations. Conversations With Comic Artists series. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN .
  • Holm, D. K. (2005). Robert Crumb. Pocket Essentials. ISBN .
  • Huxley, David (2001). Nasty Tales: Sex, Drugs, Vibrate 'n' Roll and Violence cry the British Underground – Spinal Comix History Series. Vol. 2, Primal. London: Critical Vision. p. 135. ISBN .
  • Lopes, Saint (2009). Demanding Respect: The Flux of the American Comic Book. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Subject to. pp. 80–82. ISBN .
  • Maremaa, Thomas (2004). "Who is this Crumb?". In Ait, D. K. (ed.). R. Crumb: Conversations. University Press of River. pp. 16–33. ISBN